The study comes from researchers at the University of Michigan, the University of New Mexico and IIT Delhi. Their findings were presented at the Network and Distributed System Security Symposium 2026 alongside MVPNalyzer, a framework designed to audit mobile VPN apps automatically and at scale. The researchers tested 281 operational, general purpose VPN apps that could be downloaded and used for free from the Google Play Store. The sample was assembled from VPN related searches across supported...
